摘要 :
The electronic structure of the smithsonite surface (1011) and hydroxamate were calculated by density functional theory (DFT) at PBE level for illuminating the floatation process of smithsonite,and the absorbing models of hydroxam...
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The electronic structure of the smithsonite surface (1011) and hydroxamate were calculated by density functional theory (DFT) at PBE level for illuminating the floatation process of smithsonite,and the absorbing models of hydroxamate collector on smithsonite surface were also studied with molecular dynamics simulation software-Materials Studio.Furthermore,the adsorptions of flotation reagents on the mineral surface in the vacuum and aqueous environment were discussed.The results show that Femi energy of smithosonite (1011) plane is 3.05eV,and the band gap is 3.527eV.The partial density of states (PDOS) of smithsonite (1011) indicates that Zn-O bonds on the minerals surface are highly polar.In the molecular simulation model,distances between two O atoms of hydroxamate and Zinc of smithsonite were 2.896（A） and 2.992（A） respectively,and the interaction energy was-39.480kcal/mol.While in aqueous environment,distances between oxygen and Zinc were 3.453（A） and 3.998（A）,the interaction energy was -35.454kcal/mol.The results indicate that water prevents hydroxamate adsorbing on the mineral and O atoms of hydroxamate play an important role in the floatation process.
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摘要 :
The electronic structure of the smithsonite surface (1011) and hydroxamate were calculated by density functional theory (DFT) at PBE level for illuminating the floatation process of smithsonite,and the absorbing models of hydroxam...
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The electronic structure of the smithsonite surface (1011) and hydroxamate were calculated by density functional theory (DFT) at PBE level for illuminating the floatation process of smithsonite,and the absorbing models of hydroxamate collector on smithsonite surface were also studied with molecular dynamics simulation software-Materials Studio.Furthermore,the adsorptions of flotation reagents on the mineral surface in the vacuum and aqueous environment were discussed.The results show that Femi energy of smithosonite (1011) plane is 3.05eV,and the band gap is 3.527eV.The partial density of states (PDOS) of smithsonite (1011) indicates that Zn-O bonds on the minerals surface are highly polar.In the molecular simulation model,distances between two O atoms of hydroxamate and Zinc of smithsonite were 2.896（A） and 2.992（A） respectively,and the interaction energy was-39.480kcal/mol.While in aqueous environment,distances between oxygen and Zinc were 3.453（A） and 3.998（A）,the interaction energy was -35.454kcal/mol.The results indicate that water prevents hydroxamate adsorbing on the mineral and O atoms of hydroxamate play an important role in the floatation process.
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With more and more serious environmental issues and less and less conventional energy sources,the development and utilization of new energy has been growing attention to many countries.As a result,wind-solar hybrid streetlights ha...
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With more and more serious environmental issues and less and less conventional energy sources,the development and utilization of new energy has been growing attention to many countries.As a result,wind-solar hybrid streetlights have been widely used in the environmental constructions by most of governments and enterprises.Based on this change,scientific,intelligent and standardized managements of the wind-solar hybrid streetlights can further improve the new energy use efficiency,which can get the public's more recognition.In this paper,the structure of wind-solar hybrid streetlights is deeply analyzed.And combined with the characteristics of the monitoring system,the overall solution of the management system is born.The ZigBee networking technology is used to achieve data transmission among the streetlights,the GPRS wireless communication technology is used for the data wireless communication between smart controllers and the management center.The remote management and the "three remote control" are achieved via the Internet.Test analysis and practical application of the entire system makes the scientific management and smart control of wind-solar hybrid streetlights come true.The cost of the system operation and maintenance is saved and the social and economic benefits are improved,therefore the management system has a bright market future.
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摘要 :
With more and more serious environmental issues and less and less conventional energy sources,the development and utilization of new energy has been growing attention to many countries.As a result,wind-solar hybrid streetlights ha...
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With more and more serious environmental issues and less and less conventional energy sources,the development and utilization of new energy has been growing attention to many countries.As a result,wind-solar hybrid streetlights have been widely used in the environmental constructions by most of governments and enterprises.Based on this change,scientific,intelligent and standardized managements of the wind-solar hybrid streetlights can further improve the new energy use efficiency,which can get the public's more recognition.In this paper,the structure of wind-solar hybrid streetlights is deeply analyzed.And combined with the characteristics of the monitoring system,the overall solution of the management system is born.The ZigBee networking technology is used to achieve data transmission among the streetlights,the GPRS wireless communication technology is used for the data wireless communication between smart controllers and the management center.The remote management and the "three remote control" are achieved via the Internet.Test analysis and practical application of the entire system makes the scientific management and smart control of wind-solar hybrid streetlights come true.The cost of the system operation and maintenance is saved and the social and economic benefits are improved,therefore the management system has a bright market future.
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An innovative two-stage drying concept is presented in this article,based on quality degradation depending on temperature and water activity.This work considered drying of carrot slices using a combined drying in a pilot deep bed ...
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An innovative two-stage drying concept is presented in this article,based on quality degradation depending on temperature and water activity.This work considered drying of carrot slices using a combined drying in a pilot deep bed dryer,the first stage heat pump drying at low temperature and the second stage hot-air drying in short time,to improve the product quality and reduce drying time.The results showed high quality products were achieved using the combined drying and the conjunction where heat pump drying with low temperature switched to hot air drying could affect the general drying performance and product quality.The optimal combined drying process was determined based on the degradation of β-carotene,rehydration ratio,color and the free water content analyzed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),which was that at the beginning,the carrot slices were dehydrated to about 40％ w.b.undergoing heat pump drying at 40℃,then dried to 10％ w.b.using temperature-programmed hot-air drying at 70℃.The firststage heat pump drying could remove 95.44％ of free water in carrot slices with the specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) over 0.7 kg water/kw·h.A comparison of the color of products showed that the combined drying reduced the colour change less than the heat pump drying.The retention of β-carotene and rehydration ratio were very close to those dried by heat pump drying,higher about 59％ than hot air drying and higher about 52％,separately.The drying time of the combined drying was reduced about 28.6％ compared with the 10.5 hours of heat pump drying.
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摘要 :
An innovative two-stage drying concept is presented in this article,based on quality degradation depending on temperature and water activity.This work considered drying of carrot slices using a combined drying in a pilot deep bed ...
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An innovative two-stage drying concept is presented in this article,based on quality degradation depending on temperature and water activity.This work considered drying of carrot slices using a combined drying in a pilot deep bed dryer,the first stage heat pump drying at low temperature and the second stage hot-air drying in short time,to improve the product quality and reduce drying time.The results showed high quality products were achieved using the combined drying and the conjunction where heat pump drying with low temperature switched to hot air drying could affect the general drying performance and product quality.The optimal combined drying process was determined based on the degradation of β-carotene,rehydration ratio,color and the free water content analyzed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),which was that at the beginning,the carrot slices were dehydrated to about 40％ w.b.undergoing heat pump drying at 40℃,then dried to 10％ w.b.using temperature-programmed hot-air drying at 70℃.The firststage heat pump drying could remove 95.44％ of free water in carrot slices with the specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) over 0.7 kg water/kw·h.A comparison of the color of products showed that the combined drying reduced the colour change less than the heat pump drying.The retention of β-carotene and rehydration ratio were very close to those dried by heat pump drying,higher about 59％ than hot air drying and higher about 52％,separately.The drying time of the combined drying was reduced about 28.6％ compared with the 10.5 hours of heat pump drying.
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China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (hereafter referred to as "SINOPEC") is one of the largest integrated energy and chemical companies in China which rank 17 on the World Top 500 by Fortune in 2007. SINOPEC always insist on the principle of "Human Oriented" and "Focus on Behavior of Employees " since developed and implemented HSE management system in 2001. "Preventing accident and avoiding injury " are the common objective and commitment of all personnel in SINOPEC from chairman to operator. SINOPEC supported by Qingdao safety engineering institute which is the SINOPEC HSE research and development base has established several HSE regulations and procedures and used a series of methods and technique to monitor the behavior of the employees and prevent the accident. Taking these approaches, SINOPEC has achieved obvious performance improvement that the number of the major accidents decreased from 69 in 2001 to 30 in 2006....
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China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (hereafter referred to as "SINOPEC") is one of the largest integrated energy and chemical companies in China which rank 17 on the World Top 500 by Fortune in 2007. SINOPEC always insist on the principle of "Human Oriented" and "Focus on Behavior of Employees " since developed and implemented HSE management system in 2001. "Preventing accident and avoiding injury " are the common objective and commitment of all personnel in SINOPEC from chairman to operator. SINOPEC supported by Qingdao safety engineering institute which is the SINOPEC HSE research and development base has established several HSE regulations and procedures and used a series of methods and technique to monitor the behavior of the employees and prevent the accident. Taking these approaches, SINOPEC has achieved obvious performance improvement that the number of the major accidents decreased from 69 in 2001 to 30 in 2006.
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The design procedure of a novel injector - a lobed swirl injector is presented. The lobed swirl injector can play an effective role in swirl generation and enhancing the mixing. Besides, by adjusting the axial position of the lobe...
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The design procedure of a novel injector - a lobed swirl injector is presented. The lobed swirl injector can play an effective role in swirl generation and enhancing the mixing. Besides, by adjusting the axial position of the lobed swirler, non-premixed combustion can evolve into premixed combustion, and vice versa. It was tested in a low swirl burner configuration. Four perforated plates with different blockage ratios are used to bypass the inlet flow and adjust the turbulent intensity. Velocity distributions at the exit of the burner are captured with two-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry. The fuel is methane and flames are visualized by camera. The experiments results indicate that the operation range is broadened by the lobed swirler. Compared with flame of vane swirler, flame of lobed swirler is more stable. With the lobed swirler, the blow off occurred gradually and smoothly rather than violently as with the vane swirler. With an increase of air flow, the flame volume of the lobed swirler shrinks significantly, and the leading flame front position moves downstream which means the lift-off height increases. The change in the blowoff behavior for flames can be attributed to the complicated vortices downstream of the lobed swirler as these act to increase turbulence intensity and turbulent flame speed, which in turn influences blowoff limits.
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摘要 :
The design procedure of a novel injector - a lobed swirl injector is presented. The lobed swirl injector can play an effective role in swirl generation and enhancing the mixing. Besides, by adjusting the axial position of the lobe...
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The design procedure of a novel injector - a lobed swirl injector is presented. The lobed swirl injector can play an effective role in swirl generation and enhancing the mixing. Besides, by adjusting the axial position of the lobed swirler, non-premixed combustion can evolve into premixed combustion, and vice versa. It was tested in a low swirl burner configuration. Four perforated plates with different blockage ratios are used to bypass the inlet flow and adjust the turbulent intensity. Velocity distributions at the exit of the burner are captured with two-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry. The fuel is methane and flames are visualized by camera. The experiments results indicate that the operation range is broadened by the lobed swirler. Compared with flame of vane swirler, flame of lobed swirler is more stable. With the lobed swirler, the blow off occurred gradually and smoothly rather than violently as with the vane swirler. With an increase of air flow, the flame volume of the lobed swirler shrinks significantly, and the leading flame front position moves downstream which means the lift-off height increases. The change in the blowoff behavior for flames can be attributed to the complicated vortices downstream of the lobed swirler as these act to increase turbulence intensity and turbulent flame speed, which in turn influences blowoff limits.
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The process of control algorithm for load reproduction is presented. The procedure of system identification based on frequency response function and target signal iteration based on frequency-domain iteration learning control (ILC...
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The process of control algorithm for load reproduction is presented. The procedure of system identification based on frequency response function and target signal iteration based on frequency-domain iteration learning control (ILC) algorithm is illustrated. The frequency-domain iteration learning control algorithm through setting proper overlaps and sections of the signals is proposed. A real electro-hydraulic servo system for load simulation test is chosen, and load reproduction of this system is successfully achieved with the proposed algorithm. The result shows that the algorithm is effective.
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